What if the stormwater that falls on densely populated areas such as urban areas stagnates? Of course, floods are no longer an unavoidable threat. So we need drainage!
Simply put, drainage can be defined as a drainage system. I'm not kidding. This one facility plays a number of important roles in supporting the feasibility of living in urban areas. From managing surplus water after rain to prevent floods, to flushing water to the nearest body of water, to drying flooded urban areas to maintain facilities and infrastructure.
Now, after understanding its important role at a glance, let's take a look at the types of drainage in urban areas!
Form based: natural and artificial
Natural drainage is a channel that is formed without human intervention, usually without the assistance of rivers or the like. Artificial wastewater, on the other hand, is intentionally formed and adapted for water management. Examples include gutters, canals, gutters, and culverts.
Based on channel location: above ground and below ground
As the name implies, the drainage channels on the ground are on the ground and can be seen directly. The function of this type of drainage is to drain surface water so that it does not create puddles on the ground.
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In addition, there is underground drainage, which generally requires a pipe as a medium for the flow of water. The distinction between the two is the element of beauty and effect. Underground drainage is widely used because its presence does not interfere with the aesthetics of the city. In addition, the location is hidden and does not interfere with activities on the ground.
By function: one function and multiple functions
Functional drainage is distinguished by the type of drainage. Single-function drainage is convenient when draining only one type of wastewater, such as domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater.
Multifunctional drainage, on the other hand, allows different types of drainage to be drained in sequence or at once.
By construction: open and closed
Open drainage is drainage that helps drain a wide range of rainwater. It also acts as a medium for the flow of water without compromising the sustainability of the environment.
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Closed drainage, on the other hand, is a channel that functions to flush away wastewater. It has been closed to avoid endangering public health and the environment. The closed drainage channel also functions as a drainage channel in the city.
By region: roads, airports, sports fields
First, drainage of the highway. It is usually closed as a sidewalk or shoulder. This is done so that its presence does not interfere with its activities on the highway. This type of drainage function controls the flow of rainwater and prevents floods that damage the structure and erosion of the road itself.
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Second, airport drainage. Due to the large, flat paved area, it is difficult for the airport to absorb water quickly. Reserving water at an airport can jeopardize aviation safety, which is why airports need a drainage system.
In addition to causing floods, unintegrated airport drainage can increase the risk of air traffic, erosion, and weakening of runway foundations.
Third, drainage from sports fields. In general, this facility works to absorb water more quickly so that it does not inundate or damage the infrastructure.
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Wow, it turns out that urban drainage has different types and functions. Even its existence has a trivial role. However, we also have an obligation to participate in flood prevention by protecting the environment. However, if humans do not consider the environment, drainage will not work optimally.
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Source : https://www.dekoruma.com/artikel/70983/peran-penting-drainase
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